Attitude, behavior, & high quality of customer relationship management Research Proposal

Mentality, conduct, and high caliber of client relationship the executives impacts on the Saudi buyer purchasing choice - Research Proposal Example In this unique circumstance, client care is the foundation on which client relationship depends to an impressive degree. As such, client assistance decides and impacts client relationship and empowers the business firms to create positive relationship with clients. Client care speaks to an incorporated and thorough arrangement of business procedures and practices conveyed by business firms to the clients. Business associations overall endeavor to convey an improved and enhanced arrangement of client benefits so as to involve high consumer loyalty (Shoult, 2006). It has additionally been recognized that client purchasing choice impacts by the client care altogether. High caliber and positive client administrations draw in clients in buying or profiting specific items and administrations. Then again, low quality and poor client assistance drove the clients to switch over to different contenders. This follow up on the piece of clients of exchanging over to different contenders influences picture and notoriety of business firms adversely. This circumstance of exchanging over different contenders wins all the more fundamentally in the event of Saudi Arabian business firms. The current examination study targets recognizing and dissecting level of client support in Saudi Arabian firms like aircrafts, banks, media transmission organizations, clinics, eateries and some more. The factors influencing Saudi Arabian consumers’ choice like value, quality, after deals administrations, contending offers and a lot more will likewise be talked about in the hidden examination. The determination of examination techniques, information assortment systems and approaches will likewise be done as per in general reason and points of the investigation. The examination issue goes about as an establishing stone for the investigation as it clears the way for arranging and leading different segments of the exploration procedure. Considering this, research

The Use of Symbolism and Imagery in Tourneurs The Revenger’s Tragedy E

Coping With Osmophobia or the Fear of Smells

Coping With Osmophobia or the Fear of Smells Phobias Types Print Managing Osmophobia or the Fear of Smells By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Claudia Chaves, MD on July 29, 2016 Claudia Chaves, MD, is board-certified in cerebrovascular disease and neurology with a subspecialty certification in vascular neurology. Learn about our Medical Review Board Claudia Chaves, MD Updated on November 23, 2019 Peopleimages/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Osmophobia, defined in medical dictionaries as a morbid fear of smells, is relatively rare as a stand-alone phobia. However, it is fairly common among those who suffer from migraine headaches. Some migraine sufferers report that their headaches are triggered by strong scents. Understandably, this connection could lead to a fear of smells. Regardless of whether or not headaches are present, however, osmophobia can feel overwhelming. However, osmophobia is more than just a fear. It is a true phobia whereby fear becomes extreme, and in some cases, irrational. Phobias can have debilitating effects on sufferers that interfere with their ability to complete daily activities. Osmophobia and Migraines A 2015 Brazilian study found that of 235 patients with headaches, 147 patients were  diagnosed with migraines and 53 percent of the migraine sufferers had osmophobia. The study also found that among the headache patients, those with migraines and a significant number of years of headache history presented more signs of osmophobia. In some cases, a certain smell can trigger a migraine in the population prone to these severe headaches. Triggers The sense of smell is highly personalized, and what smells wonderful to one person might smell terrible to the next. In addition, odors are heavily linked to memories of past experiences. Smelling Grandmas favorite perfume or the flowers that were in bloom the day you proposed to your wife can trigger a sudden flood of positive memories. Likewise, those suffering from osmophobia may be triggered by a wide range of possible scents. Symptoms Extreme anxietyDry mouthRapid breathingIrregular heartbeatNauseaExcessive sweatingInability to articulate words or sentencesShaking or tremblingShortness of breath Osmophobia and Other Disorders Besides migraines, osmophobia is sometimes related to other disorders. For example, those with chemophobia, or the fear of chemicals, may have a strong aversion to any chemical odor. People with a fear of animals might react strongly to any animal scents. Those who are afraid of water may be sensitive to the smell of the ocean. Management Like any phobia, osmophobia that is unrelated to a medical condition generally responds well to a variety of therapeutic techniques. Systematic desensitization, in which you are gradually exposed to the feared scent, is particularly helpful. If your osmophobia is related to migraines, however, let your therapist know. Your doctor will need to be involved in your treatment to ensure that you do not worsen your headaches. Other Treatments   Cognitive Behavioral Therapy helps patients recognize their triggers  and helps develop coping techniquesMedications used to treat anxietyMeditation and relaxation techniquesExposure therapyPsychotherapy

Impulse Drive Sub-lightspeed in Star Trek

Trekkies have helped define the science fiction universe, along with the technology that the Star Trek series, books, and movies promise. One of the most sought-after technologies from those shows is the warp drive. That propulsion system is used on the spaceships of many species in the Trekiverse to get across the galaxy in amazingly short times (months or years compared to the centuries it would take at merely the speed of light).  However, theres not always a reason to use warp drive, and so, sometimes the ships in Star Trek  use impulse power to go at sub-light speed. What is Impulse Drive? Today, exploratory missions use chemical rockets to travel through space. However, those rockets have several drawbacks. They require massive amounts of propellant (fuel) and are generally very large and heavy. Impulse engines, like those depicted to exist on the starship Enterprise,  take a slightly different approach to accelerate a spacecraft.  Instead of using chemical reactions to move through  space, they use a nuclear reactor (or something similar) to supply electricity to the engines. That electricity supposedly powers large electromagnets that use the energy stored in the fields to propel the ship or, more likely, superheat plasma that is then collimated by strong magnetic fields and  spit out the back of the craft to accelerate it forward. It all sounds very complex, and it is. Its actually do-able, b ut not with current technology. Effectively, impulse engines represent a step forward from current chemical-powered rockets. They dont go faster than the speed of light, but theyre faster than anything we have today. Its probably only a matter of time before someone figures out how to build and deploy them.   Could We Someday Have Impulse Engines? The good news about someday, is that the basic premise of an impulse drive  is scientifically sound. However, there are some issues to consider. In the films, the starships are able to use their impulse engines to accelerate to a significant fraction of the speed of light. In order to achieve those speeds, the power generated by the impulse engines has to be significant. Thats a huge hurdle.  Currently, even with nuclear power, it seems unlikely that we could produce sufficient current to power such drives, especially for such large ships. So, thats one problem to overcome. Also, the shows often depict the impulse engines being used in planetary atmospheres and in nebulae, clouds of gas and dust. However, every design of impulse-like drives relies on their operation in a vacuum. As soon as the starship enters a region of high particle density (like an atmosphere or a cloud of gas and dust), the engines would be rendered useless. So, unless something changes (and ye canna change the laws o physics, Captain!), impulse drives remain in the realm of science fiction. Technical Challenges of Impulse Drives Impulse drives sound pretty good, right? Well, there are a couple of problems with their use as outlined in science fiction. One is time dilation:  Any time a craft travels at relativistic speeds, concerns of time dilation arise. Namely, how does the timeline stay consistent when the craft is traveling at near-light speeds? Unfortunately, there is no way around this. Thats why impulse engines are often limited in science fiction to about 25% of the  speed of light  where relativistic effects would be minimal.   The other challenge for such engines is where they operate. They are most effective in a vacuum, but we often see them in Trek as they enter atmospheres or whip through clouds of gas and dust called nebulae. The engines as currently imagined wouldnt do well in such environments, so thats another issue that would have to be solved.   Ion Drives Not all is lost, however. Ion drives, which use very similar concepts to impulse drive technology have been in use aboard spacecraft for years. However, due to their high energy use, they are not efficient at accelerating craft very efficiently. In fact, these engines are only used as primary propulsion systems on an interplanetary craft. That means only probes traveling to other planets would carry ion engines. There is an ion drive on the Dawn spacecraft, for example, which aimed at the dwarf planet Ceres.   Since ion drives need only a small amount of propellant to operate, their engines operate continuously. So, while a chemical rocket may be quicker at getting a craft up to speed, it quickly runs out of fuel. Not so much with an ion drive (or future impulse drives). An  ion drive will accelerate a craft for days, months, and years. It allows the spaceship to reach a greater top speed, and thats important for trekking across the solar system. Its still not an impulse engine. Ion drive technology is certainly an application of impulse drive technology, but it fails to match the readily available acceleration ability of the engines depicted in Star Trek and other media. Plasma Engines Future space travelers may get to use something even more promising: plasma drive technology. These engines use electricity to superheat plasma and then eject it out the back of the engine using powerful magnetic fields.  They bear some similarity to ion drives in that they use so little propellant that they are able to operate for long periods of time, especially relative to traditional chemical rockets. However, they are much more powerful. They would be able to propel the craft at such a high rate that a plasma-powered rocket (using technology available today) could get a craft to Mars in little over a month. Compare this feat to the nearly six months it would take a traditionally powered craft.   Is it Star Trek levels of engineering? Not quite. But it is definitely a step in the right direction. While we may not have futuristic drives yet, they could happen. With further development, who knows? Maybe impulse drives like those depicted in movies will one day be a reality. Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Essay on Graves Disease - 1625 Words

Graves Disease The disease was first noted in 1786 by Caleb Hillier Parry 1755- 1822, physician from General Hospital, Bath, England. His account was published posthumously in 1825. However Graves disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in London Medical Journal in 1835. Graves disease is also known as Parrys disease. In Europe, the disease is known as Basedows disease. It is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis (the morbid condition due to over activity of the thyroid gland). The disorder has three major manifestations: Hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter Ophthalmopathy and Dermopathy The three manifestations need not appear together. Indeed one or two never appear, and moreover,†¦show more content†¦TSH not only stimulates the thyroid gland to churn out more hormones. If in excess, can cause overwhelming cell growth and division to result in goiter. Most T3 and T4 released into the bloodstream are bound to proteins. Only the free component is biologically active and it is this component which decides the manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. The hormones exert their effects mainly by binding to nuclear receptors in cells to affect expression of genes. In the presence of excess T3 and T4, an increase in number as well as affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart is noted. These receptors facilitate the action of fight, flight and fright hormones ( epinephrine, norepinephrine) which are positively chronotropic ( beat faster) and inotropic ( pump harder) to the heart. This may then lead to cardiac failure in older patients. In fact, mild hyperthyroidism may produce severe disability in patients with underlying heart disease. Hence, all patients with unexplained cardiac failure or atrial arrhythmias should be examined for thyrotoxicosis. Hyperthyroidism also increases the basal metabolic rate, heat production and oxygen consumption (calorigenic action) of many tissues. Body temperature increases slightly and the patient experiences intolerance to heat. Flushing and sweating are just compensatoryShow MoreRelated Graves Disease Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesGraves’ disease was named after Robert J. Graves, MD, around the 1830’s. It is an autoimmune disease indicated by hyperthyroidism due to circulating autoantibodies, which is an antibody that attacks the person’s own body. The immune system attacks the thyroid gland, which causes it to produce too much thyroxine. Thyroxine is a hormone that helps control growth and also regulates metabolism in the body. While the thyroxine levels are high the patient’s metabolic rate increases, which can have an effectRead MoreGraves Disease772 Words   |  4 PagesGraves Disease The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease. This is an autoimmune disorder that attacks the thyroid gland and triggers the release of high levels of thyroid hormones. One of the hallmarks of Graves disease is a visible and uncomfortable swelling behind the eyes. Graves Disease Graves disease, which is caused by a generalized overactivity of the thyroid gland, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. In this condition, the thyroid gland usually is renegadeRead MoreCase Study of Graves Disease Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction The case study selected focused on Grave’s disease an autoimmune disorder involving over production of thyroid hormones triidiothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). In the United States it is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. The over taxed organ then becomes enlarged (goiter). This case study report will discuss the clinical progression and presentation of this disease, define and describe what an autoimmune disorder is, outline what clinical testing is performed for proper diagnosisRead MoreHyperthyroidism: Graves Disease and Thyroid Hormone Level977 Words   |  4 Pagesthe causes of hyperthyroidism? Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is diffusely enlarged and patients usually complain of eye discomfort or, in extreme cases, bulging eyes. This is most commonly seen among young females and affects multiple family members. A toxic nodule is a single nodule or lump in the thyroid gland that over-produces hormones, causing hyperthyroidism. Unlike Graves disease, this is not familial. It is alsoRead MoreGrave Disease : An Autoimmune Disease1096 Words   |  5 Pages Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disease in which the over activity of the thyroid gland causes the overproduction of the thyroid hormone. This disease was described by Robert J. Graves a doctor from Ireland and is also known as Basedow’s disease. Even though there are several disorders that may result in hypothyroidism, grave disease is one of the most common type of hypothyroidism that occurs in 1 percent of U. S population (Anderson 2010). Furthermore, Grave disease is a disease that canRead MoreAn Autoimmune Disorder That Directly Affects The Thyroid Gland1539 Words   |  7 PagesGraves’ Disease is identified as an autoimmune disorder that directly affects the thyroid gland. Characterized as the most common ca use of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ Disease encompasses an overactive, enlarged thyroid gland, which produces an excess of thyroid hormones [1]. Approximately 3% of the United States population is affected by Graves’ Disease and 60-80% of patients affected with Graves’ disease are diagnosed with hyperthyroidism [2]. The approximate female to male ratio is 5/1, with majorityRead MoreThe Thyroid Gland1243 Words   |  5 PagesHYPERTHYROIDISM- GRAVES’ DISEASE The thyroid gland is very important in proper functioning of the human body. The hormones it releases are vital in regulating growth and metabolic reaction. The thyroid gland is relatively small (about 20g) and is located at the base of the neck, connected to the windpipe and voicebox. Its structure may be described as ‘butterfly-shaped’ as it is composed of two connected lobes. See image: The two main hormones secreted by the thyroid gland are tetraiodothyronineRead MoreHashimotos Vs. Graves Disease762 Words   |  4 PagesHashimoto’s Disease vs. Graves Disease Anna Grochowski Salter College Anatomy and Physiology II September 18, 2013 Dr. P. Wong Hashimotos disease can also be called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. An autoimmune disease happens when the bodys immune system attacks its own cells and organs instead of its normal job of protecting the body from infection. Hashimotos disease specifically attacks the thyroid gland, causing inflammationRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Autoimmune Diseases834 Words   |  4 Pagesautoimmune diseases Autoimmune diseases are caused by auto-antibodies, according to auto-antibodies can be divided into: organ-specific, which affects one organ; non-organ specific, which are a multisystem disease. 2.1. Organ-specific 2.1.1. Autoimmune thyroid diseases They are a common cause of thyroid disorders and it is caused by auto-antibodies against the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSH), intracytoplasmic antigen or thyroglobulin. 2.1.1.1.Grave s disease Grave s disease is the mostRead MoreThe Human Body Of The Thyroid Gland1254 Words   |  6 Pagesthis case will be on overactive thyroid glands and on the specific case of Graves’ disease. Hyperthyroidism is a term used to describe an overactive thyroid gland. This is usually prevented by the process mentioned above, however there are some factors that can cause hyperthyroidism. One of these factors is Graves’ disease. In Graves’ disease, a response in the body’s immune system (the system which defends against disease) causes the antibody thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) to be produced

Apple Background of Company Free Essays

Apple background of company — Presentation Transcript 1. Background of companyApple Inc. , formerly Apple Computer, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Apple Background of Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now , is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, computer software, and commercial servers. Apple was established in Cupertino, California on April 1, 1976 and incorporated January 3, 1977. The company’s best-known hardware products include Macintosh computers, the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad. For reasons as various as its philosophy of comprehensive aesthetic design to its distinctive advertising campaigns, Apple has established a unique reputation in the consumer electronics industry. This includes a customer base that is devoted to the company and its brand, particularly in the United States. Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008 and in the world in 2008, 2009, and 2010. 2. Comparing a Steve Jobs presentation is nearly impossible. He’s in a league all his own. In my opinion, Apple chief executive Steve Jobs is the most charismatic pitchman in business today. His presentations are brilliant demonstrations of visual storytelling that motivate customers, employees, investors, and the entire computer industry. Before Steve Wozniak co-founded Apple, he was an electronics hacker. 3. Objective of the company To obtain stellar products and services within tight timeframe, at a cost that represent the best possible value to our customers and shareholders. 4. Current mission statementApple ignited the personal computer revolution in the 1970s with the Apple II and reinvented the personal computer in the 1980s with the Macintosh. Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings. . Comment†¦Apple Computer, Inc. is the mission statement is good because they committed to bring out the quality product of personal computer through their customers needed. Apple always upgrade through with innovative, contemporary and modern technology product. The apple mission statement show that they have an own way in strategy to make a more profit a nd growth through their business in the future. 6. Proposed mission statementThe Apple Computer, Inc. ission statement is to bringing the greatest personal computing realization to the all kind of people around the world with their own life style. Apple came out with the variety kind of product through its innovation hardware, software, and Internet offerings. The market strategies evolved should be economical, efficient, durable, and flexible and allow the Apple to respond rapidly to both market and customer needs. And, we will keep on top of today’s and tomorrow’s technology, no matter how fast it moves, to ensure our Customers always have the best tools available to them. How to cite Apple Background of Company, Essay examples

The Greek Tragedy free essay sample

This paper provides a thorough analysis of Greek tragedy, with emphasis on Aeschylus, Euripides, and Sophocles. This paper provides an in-depth look at the history of ancient Greek tragedy. The author discusses the works of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, and looks at how tragic drama evolved. The paper also examines stage customs, mythological roots of performance customs, and human ties with gods. The Greek tragedy represents the details of a very short period of history that ranges from about 480 BC, at the time when Aeschyluss early plays were performed, till the period when the last plays of Sophocles and Euripides were being performed at the end of the fifth century. The tragedies written by Sophocles and Euripides are the plays written in the fifty years from 480 BC, the time when the war with Persia came to an end, to 430 BC, the start of the Peloponnesian War with Sparta which later destroyed Athens as an independent city-state. We will write a custom essay sample on The Greek Tragedy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is quite interesting to note that the majority of mature plays of Sophocles and Euripides were written against a background of continuous war. There is no real evidence as to from where the tragedy writing originated, however it is widely believed that the development of tragic dialogue may have been influenced by dramatic presentations of classic and other forms of poetry but its harmonic origins are less well known.

Susan B Anthony Essay Example For Students

Susan B Anthony Essay Susan B Anthony Susan B. Anthony was born February 15, 1820 in Adams Massachusetts to Daniel and Lucy Anthony.Susan was the second born of eight children in a strict Quaker family.Her father, Daniel Anthony, was a stern man, a Quaker abolitionist and cotton manufacturer. He believed in guiding his children, not directing them. He did not allow them to experience the childish amusements of toys, games, and music, which were seen as distractions from the Inner Light. Instead he enforced self-discipline. Susan learned to read and write at the age of three. In 1826, the Anthonys moved from Massachusetts to Battensville, New York.Where Susan attended a district school, when the teacher refused to teach Susan long division, she was taken out of school and taught in home school set up by her father.A woman teacher, Mary Perkins, ran the school.Perkins offered a new image of womanhood to Susan and her sisters. We will write a custom essay on Susan B Anthony specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She was independent, educated, and held a position that had been traditionally been reserved to young men.Susan was sent to a boarding school in Philadelphia.She taught at a female academy boarding school, in up state New York when she was fifteen years old intill she was thirty.After she settled in her family home in Rochester, New York.It was here that she began her first public crusade on behalf of temperance. This was one of the first expressions of feminism in the United States, and it delt with the abuses of woman and children who suffered from alcoholic husbands.In 1849, Susan gave her first public speech for the Daughters of Temperance, and then help found the Womans State Temperance Society of New York.It was one of the first organizations of its time. In 1851 she went to Syracus to attend a series of antislavery meetings.During this time Susan meet Cady Stanton.They became best friends.Susan joined Stanton and Amelia Bloomer in campaigns for womens rights. She would often deliver speeches written by Stanton, who was occupied with her young children. In 1854, She devoted herself to the antislavery movement serving from 1856 to the outbreak of the civil war, 1861.Here, she served as an agent for the American Antislavery Society.After, She worked with Stanton and published the New York liberal weekly, The Revolution (1868-1870) which called for equal pay for women. In 1872, Susan demanded that women be given the same civil and political rights that had been extended to black men under the 14th and 15th amendments. Anthony and Stanton became convinced that pg1ggggwoman would not gain the rights or be effective in promoting reforms until they had the right to vote. So she led a group of women to the polls in Rochester to test the right of women to vote. She was arrested two weeks later and while awaiting trial engaged highly publicized lecture tours and in March 1873, She tried to vote again in the city elections. After being tried and convicted of violating the voting laws, Susan succeeded in her refusal to pay the fine.From then on she campaigned endlessly for a federal woman suffrage amendment through the National American Womans Suffrage Association (1890-1906) and by lecturing throughout the country.Now the newly freed slaves were granted the right to vote by the 15th amendment, women of all races still did not have the right to voteAnthony, Stanton, and Matilda Joslyn Gage published the History of women Suffrage 4 volume (1881-1902), in 1888 she organized the International council of women and in 1904 the International Women Suffrage Alliance.Although Anthony did not live to see her effort fofilled to win the right to vote for women, the establishment of the 19th amendment is deeply owed to her efforts. .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .postImageUrl , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:hover , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:visited , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:active { border:0!important; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:active , .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u65bcba62313d110cb8a0c0500c5a5bbe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Delinquent Behavior EssayOn July 2, 1979, the U.S Mint honored her work by issuing the Susan B. Anthony Dollar Coin. Susan B. Anthony died at age 86.She showed her strength and optimism until the end.Her final public words were FAILURE IS IMPOSSIBLE.

Reality and Imagination essays

Reality and Imagination essays Reality can be comforting or agonizing, it depends on whos reality is in question. Tennessee Williams depicted reality and what it can do to people in The Pulitzer Prize winning play A Streetcar Named Desire. The story is about an unmarried thirty year old woman who creates a new magic reality for herself to escape the cruelty and bitterness of the real world. She comes to New Orleans from a once wealthy estate plagued with family death and eventually loses the estate Belle Reve to unpaid mortgage. She slowly comes to believe her fantasy world is the real world and eventually cant tell them apart any longer. Her escapes from the real world are illustrated by her constructive compulsive mis-truths, fear of being seen in well lit areas, frequent long baths and excessive drinking. Blanche Dubois desires to escape her real life and to embrace upon the cushion of a magical fantasy world which she creates for herself. One of the most prominent escapes is her drinking and the large quantities of it. Blanche has a younger sister, Stella, who moved to New Orleans when the ordeals of Belle Reve were getting out of hand I stayed and struggled! You came to New Orleans and looked after yourself. I stayed at Belle Reve and tried to hold it together!. Blanche arrives and shortly thereafter is drinking. She has a tumbler of whiskey and downs it quickly while smoking simultaneously. Blanche proclaims her limit is one drink but it is evident she is using the alcohol as an escape because of how fast she drinks it following a fabrication about her employment relief. Several nights into the play, there is a poker game hosted at Stella and Stanleys, her husband, house. Blanche often drinks in large quantities to ease her nerves, hard alcohol, not beer I hate beer and usually prior or following her arsenal of Truth is bent and twisted by Blanche very ...

Technical factors affecting e-banking development in Iran Dissertation

Technical factors affecting e-banking development in Iran - Dissertation Example Research questions The purpose of this study is to get greater understanding of e-Banking phenomenon and find out its implementation obstacles in Iran. In the conduct of the collection of data; both primary and secondary data, it is important that the researcher has a guide on the kind of data to collect and which ones to ignore. In doing this, the following research questions have been set to guide the researcher on the exact data to go after. Therefore, the researcher tries to reach this goal by answering the following questions. 1 What have been the hindrances to the advancement of e-banking in Iran? Problem Overview In recent years acceptance of e-Banking has been rapid. In many west countries like Finland over 50% of bank customers use e-Banking services. On the other hand some evidence shows half of new customers that have used e-Banking for the first time, do not continue using this channel as an active customer.(reference needed) the development of new technologies in communi cations and information practices and the emergence of new services and increasing expectations and needs for banking services market caused our public and private banks to compete for providing new e-banking services. E-banking in recent decade has been carried out with various implementations in our country by a variety of public and private banks. Now each bank more or less seeks for efficient use of this new technology. However, it seems the use of e-banking is still not institutionalized in the culture of our people, and customers still do not use this technology with trust for large financial transactions. The Central Bank of Iran (CBI) observes that not many companies and organisations are taking advantage of... The paper tells that in recent years acceptance of e-Banking has been rapid. In many west countries like Finland over 50% of bank customers use e-Banking services. On the other hand some evidence shows half of new customers that have used e-Banking for the first time, do not continue using this channel as an active customer. the development of new technologies in communications and information practices and the emergence of new services and increasing expectations and needs for banking services market caused our public and private banks to compete for providing new e-banking services. E-banking in recent decade has been carried out with various implementations in our country by a variety of public and private banks. Now each bank more or less seeks for efficient use of this new technology. However, it seems the use of e-banking is still not institutionalized in the culture of our people, and customers still do not use this technology with trust for large financial transactions. The C entral Bank of Iran observes that not many companies and organisations are taking advantage of e-business as penetration rate in e-business is still very low. Iranian banks have made huge investments into e-business but this has not succeeded in changing the trend. According to BBC news 60 †¬percent of Iranians go to banks only to receive or pay cash to the banking network. Iranian banks talk about the spread of e-banking while Iranians spend a lot of time to pay the bills for water, electricity, gas, phone, or transferring money to other accounts and sometimes they stay in line for hours to receive or pay cash.

Design bandpass FIR digital filter to extract sub-Hz low frequency Dissertation

Design bandpass FIR digital filter to extract sub-Hz low frequency signal - Dissertation Example The aim of this research work is to design and performance evaluation of 0.2 – 0.5 Hz Butterworth, Blackman and Chebyshev digital semi adaptive filters. For this work XILINX and MATLAB software’s were used for the design. As pert of practical research work these designs were translated Using FPGA hardware SPARTAN-3E kit. These were optimized, analyzed, compared and evaluated keeping the sampling frequency at 1Hz for 64 orders. These filters designed using software were tested by passing a sinusoidal test signal of 5 Hz along with noise and the filtered Output signals are presented. Signal to Noise ratios were evaluated, plotted and comparative analysis carried out in this paper. Keywords Digital filter, XILINX and MATLAB software’s, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), SPARTAN-3E, DSP Chips, DIP switches Contents ABSTRACT 2 Contents 3 1. INTRODUCTION. 5 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 7 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. 44 6. CONCLUSION 54 Reference list 55 1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Problem statement. The possibility of real time and low cost digital filtering emerged in when general purpose of microcomputers were introduced in the 1970s. The earlier designed digital filters had limited precision and speed which limited them to a restricted their application to simple algorithms and low frequency . In the 1980s, in its historical development DSP Chips which were of higher special cost were introduced (Tomlinson 1991). This contained an on chip D/A converter were incorporated and later improvements in their speed and complexity were advanced by ICS . This gave birth to the advanced digital filter design of today ( VolKenberg, 1987). Availability of F.P.G.A series kits helps researchers to take practical designs of semi adaptive band pass filters from low to high frequencies. It is on this basis that this project is designed to provide a high factor and high performance factor in attenuating frequencies which are undesirable for certain applications like the elec trocardiogram. 1.2 Objective The objectives of this project are: To inter-grate a low pass and high pass digital filters in a substrate known as band pass filter. To design FIR band pass that can help to extract low frequency of between 0.2-0.5 Hz 1.3 Scope of work The scope of this work is to design and develop a finite impulse response band pass digital filter. The following lists of objectives must be completed with the following in mind: 1. The scope of this project is making literature review which will survey on the magazine, journal, textbooks or conference papers. 2. During literature review, all the information such as theory and design of a digital filter will be explored. 3. Calculation based on Butter-worth and Chebyshev response will be done 4. Entering of the filter characteristics to generate coefficients using the FDAT tool block. 5. After the coefficients have been generated by the use of the FDAT tool block, design simulation using the FIR block will be done. 6. Th e last step in the finite impulse response band base filter design will be to hardware verify the performance of the hardware in the loop. 7. The preliminary work will use MATLAB tools and the result will compare with the theoretical result. 8. Finally, fabricate and make measurement for analysis result will be made based on the designed device. 1.4 METHODOLOGY This project will start with the background study of band pass basic concept through hole

Effect of Fat: Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient

Effect of Fat: Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Abstract Objectives: Recent studies have indicated that excessive fat may confound assessment of diffusion in organs with high fat content, such as the liver and breast. However, the extent of this effect in the kidney, which is not considered a major fat deposition site, remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that renal fat may impact DWI parameters, and proposes a three-compartment model (TCM) to circumvent this effect. Methods: Using computer simulations, we investigated the effect of fat on assessment of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), intravoxel incoherent-motion (IVIM) and TCM-derived pure-diffusivity. In domestic pigs fed a high-cholesterol (Obese) or normal diet (Lean) (n=7 each), DWI parameters were calculated using IVIM and correlated to renal histology. IVIM-derived pure diffusivity was also compared among 15 essential hypertension (EH) patients classified by BMI (high vs. normal). Finally, pure diffusivity was calculated and compared in 8 patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) and 5 healthy subjects using IVIM and TCM. Results: Simulations showed that unaccounted fat results in the underestimation of intravoxel incoherent-motion (IVIM)-derived pure-diffusivity, particularly at lower fat contents. Moreover, TCM, which incorporates highly diffusion-weighted images (b>2500s/mm2), could correct for fat-dependent underestimation. Animal studies confirmed lower ADC and pure-diffusivity in Obese vs. Lean pigs with otherwise healthy kidneys. Similarly, EH patients with high BMI had lower ADC (1.9 vs. 2.110-3 mm2/s) and pure-diffusivity (1.7 vs. 1.910-3mm2/s) than those with normal BMI.   Pure-diffusivity calculated using IVIM was not different between the ARAS and healthy subjects, but TCM revealed significantly lower diffusivity in ARAS. Conclusions: Excessive renal fat may cause underestimation of renal ADC and pure-diffusivity, which may hinder detection of renal pathology. Models accounting for fat contribution may help reduce the variability of diffusivity calculated using DWI. Keywords: Renal adiposity, Diffusion-weighted imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion, obesity.   Ã‚   Over the past two decades, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has evolved to an important tool for studying neurological disorders (1-3), while application of this method for characterization of abdominal pathological conditions awaited improved hardware and robust pulse sequences over nearly a decade (4). In the kidney, DWI has been used to investigate chronic kidney disease (CKD) (5), renal lesions (6), and deteriorating allografts (7). Nevertheless, the contribution of tubular flow and hemodynamics to the apparent diffusion constant (ADC), the diffusion quantitative index of the single compartment mono-exponential model, complicates tissue characterization and renal DWI analysis (8). This encouraged implementation of models incorporating a larger number of compartments to differentiate pure diffusion from pseudo-diffusive components. Indeed, in the kidney the intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analytical method, which utilizes a two-compartment model associated with pure diffusion and flow, showed superiority over the mono-exponential decay model (9, 10). However, recent studies on hepatic DWI identified fat as a potential third compartment with a significant confounding effect (11, 12), even in non-steatotic livers (13, 14) or other organs (15). Abdominal DWI is typically performed using an echo-planar imaging (EPI) readout, which uses a water-only excitation. Selected excitation or fat suppression methods prevent contribution of the fat signal associated with peaks spectrally distant from water, but cannot effectively eliminate the signal from fat components with resonance frequencies close to water proton frequency. For instance, peaks between 4.2-5.3 ppm associated with triglycerides, which account for nearly 8.7% of the total in vivo fat content, remain unsuppressed (11). Moreover, in the kidney, which is located in the vicinity of bowel, susceptibility artifacts may significantly reduce the efficacy of spectral fat suppression. Because the diffusion constant of lipid molecules is orders of magnitude smaller than that in water an d remains nearly unattenuated over the conventional range of b-values, the amplitude of the fat signal, especially at high b-values, can be prominent compared to the attenuated water signal (16), and therefore has a considerable impact on DWI parameters assessment (17). The epidemic of obesity stresses the importance of characterization of the effect of ectopic fat on DWI parameters, particularly in subjects with high body mass index (BMI). Increased renal adiposity (18, 19) may potentially interfere with interpretation of DWI in the kidney in obese subjects, but to date this effect has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of renal fat accumulation and suboptimal suppression on DWI parameters. We investigated this effect using computer simulations and verified the error in a large animal model of obesity, and in healthy subjects and in the presence of renal pathological conditions in humans. We hypothesized that residual MR signal from fat causes underestimation of renal ADC and IVIM pure-diffusivity, the magnitude of which may approximate a reduction in these parameters elicited by renal pathology. Moreover, we suggest that the fat-dependency of DWI parameters may be corrected by estimating the MR signal of excessive fat using heavily diffusion-weighted images. Assuming that an unattenuated fat signal acts as an independent compartment, we formulated our model by adding a third exponential decay term to the bi-exponential IVIM model to account for the contribution of fat: (1) In our notation, C and are the fractions of extravascular water and fat in the DWI signal intensity. Dfast, Dslow, andDfat are diffusion coefficients for extravascular water (pure-diffusivity), intravascular flow-dependent component (pseudo-diffusion), and fat, respectively. The product of the fat diffusion coefficient and the b-values, over the conventional range of b-values is small such that the exponential part of the third term can be approximated by one. This simplifies the last term in Equation (1) to a constant signal offset as follows: (2) Considering that at higher b-values (~1000 s/mm2) conventionally used in DWI, the water-component of the signal intensity decays to nearly a few percent of its value at b0 (b=0 s/mm2), while the fat-related fraction (FRF), f, remains nearly unattenuated over the imaging b-value spectrum, the magnitude of FRF and its impact on calculated DWI parameters becomes significant. I. Simulations Simulations in this study pursued four aims. First, to show that in the absence of fat signal, the three-compartment model (TCM) reduces to IVIM. This would essentially verify that a non-zero FRF is not merely a result of overfitting the data of an intrinsically two-compartment system into a three-compartment model, and in fact represents a third independent compartment. Second, to investigate the influence of FRF, as illustrated in equation (1), on the diffusion parameters calculated using the bi-exponential IVIM model. Third, to examine the effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the accuracy of DWI parameters assessed using IVIM and TCM, particularly since increasing the degrees of freedom in TCM per se reduces the stability of the regularization methods. Finally, to test if in the presence of fat signal the DWI parameters calculated using IVIM and TCM would be b-value dependent. We simulated the total MR signal using the TCM, including fast and slow decays associated with intra- and extravascular fluid, as well as the FRF signal as a third compartment. Simulations were performed for diffusion parameters similar to DWI values reported for the kidney (10), over a range of FRFs (0-10%) and SNRs (2.5-50dB) (Table 1). IVIM and TCM were used to extract DWI parameters. In TCM, the total MR signal intensity for all b-values was subtracted by the signal intensity from the corresponding voxel of the high b-value (>2500 s/mm2) image, and the data were then fitted to a bi-exponential model. Table 1 shows the values used in the simulations. To verify the b-value dependency, DWI parameters were calculated from a set of b-values with the highest value being either 600, 1000, or 2000 s/mm2. II. Animal study All animal procedures followed the Guideline for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1996) and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Mayo Clinic. Fourteen domestic swine in this study were fed ad lib for 16 weeks. Seven animals consumed a normal diet (Controls) and the other half (Obese) a high fat/carbohydrate diet (5B4L; Purina Test Diet, Richmond, IN) containing (in % kcal) 17% protein, 20% complex carbohydrates, 20% fructose, and 43% fat and supplemented with 2% cholesterol and 0.7% sodium cholate. We have recently shown that this diet induces obesity and adiposity (20). Diffusion-weighted MRI scans were performed at the completion of diet. Renal volume and hemodynamics were assessed 2-3 days apart from MR scans, using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). Prior to each in vivo study animals were anesthetized (Telazol 5mg/kg and xylazine 2mg/kg in saline), and anesthesia maintained with intravenous ketamine (0.2 mg/kg/min) and xylazine (0.03 mg/kg/min) (for CT), or inhaled 1-2% isoflurane (for MRI) throughout the course of imaging. Blood pressure was measured using an arterial catheter during the MDCT scanning session. Animals were injected with 10cc of heparin and euthanized with a lethal intravenous dose of sodium pentobarbital (100 mg/kg) a few days after the in vivo studies. Then the kidneys were removed and immersed in saline containing heparin. The tissue was stored at -80 °C or preserved in formalin for histology. a. Diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) DWI was performed on a 3T scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) using a torso array coil. Images were collected using a single-shot echo-planar sequence with bipolar gradient. In all animals, 4-6 coronal slices in oblique planes were collected for b-values 50, 100, 200, 300, 600, 800 and 1000 s/mm2. MR parameters were set to TR/TE 1800/79ms, field of view 35cm, Bandwidth 648Hz/pixel, Number of averages 3, slice thickness 2.5mm, and matrix size 128128. All acquisitions were performed during suspended respiration. b. MDCT imaging Renal hemodynamics were assessed from contrast-enhanced MDCT images, as previously detailed (21). A pigtail catheter was advanced through the left jugular vein to the superior vena cava to inject contrast media during the scan. Then animals were moved to MDCT unit (Somatom Sensation 64; Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany). Following localization of the kidneys, a bolus of iopamidol (0.5 ml/kg over 2s) was injected, and after a 3-second delay, 140 consecutive scans were acquired over approximately 3 minutes. After the flow scan and an additional contrast injection, a volume study was performed. Axial images were acquired at helical acquisition with thickness of 0.6mm and resolution of 512512, and reconstructed at 5mm thickness. c. Lipid Panel Lipid (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipid (HDL)) was measured (Roche) at the Mayo Immunochemical Core Laboratory from blood samples, and low-density lipid (LDL) was calculated. d. Morphological Studies Images were acquired using an ApoTome microscope (Carl ZEISS SMT, Oberkochen, Germany). Renal fibrosis was quantified by colorimetric measurements in 5 µm slides stained for trichrome. Tubular dilation was measured in Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained slides counterstained with Hemotoxylin. Intracellular lipid accumulation was assessed by colorimetric measurements in Oil-Red-O stained slides from frozen tissue counterstained with Hematoxylin. III. Human study The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Mayo Clinic, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) guidelines. All patients provided written informed consent before enrollment. Fifteen patients with essential hypertension (EH) were recruited from an on-going study, to study the effect of renal fat on DWI parameters. Patients were divided in two groups based on their BMI: an obese group (n=10, BMI≠¥30kg/m2) and a lean group (n=5, BMI 20-25kg/m2). Additionally, diffusion parameters assessments in healthy vs. impaired (post-stenotic) kidneys, with and without fat correction, were compared in eight patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS), and five healthy controls. a. DWI In patients 3-8 axial images were acquired on 3T scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI and Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) with MR parameters TR/TE, Bandwidth, Slice thickness, matrix size, and b-values were set to 2000-2400/60-94ms, 1953 Hz/pixel, 7mm, 128128 or 160160, and 100, 300, 600, 900 (s/mm2) in the first study with EH patients. In ARAS and Control subjects the TR/TE were 2600-4286/59-112ms. Pure-diffusivity was calculated from b-values ≠¥300 s/mm2 and fat-related fraction was assessed from high b-values, 2000-2500 s/mm2. b. Clinical parameters and Lipid Panel Clinical and laboratory parameters including age, sex, weight, BMI, blood pressure, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and lipid panel levels were evaluated at study entry by standard procedures. IV. Data analysis a. DWI Pixel-by-pixel maps of quantitative indices of mono-exponential model, ADC, and bi- and tri-exponential models, IVIM and TCM parameters, respectively, were generated (Figure 1), as shown previously (22). The threshold for fast vs. slow components was set to 300s/mm2 in both animal and patient studies (23). Large cortical regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn on b0 DWI images and transferred to the maps as detailed before (22). Mean values of ADC and IVIM parameters were calculated by averaging values in all corresponding ROIs for all slices in the subject. b. MDCT Using contrast-enhanced MDCT in animals, single-kidney volume, GFR, perfusion, and renal blood flow (RBF) were calculated. To calculate renal function and hemodynamics, the cortical and medullary signal attenuation vs. time curves were fitted to an extended Γ-variate model. Regional blood volumes and mean transit times were calculated to estimate cortical and medullary perfusion and blood flows (products of perfusion and the corresponding volumes). Total RBF was assessed as the sum of cortical and medullary flows. Finally, GFR was evaluated using the slope of the cortical proximal tubular curve, as previously shown (21). Data Analysis software All analyses were performed in MATLAB ® (MathWork, Natick, MA, USA) and Analyzeâ„ ¢ (Biomedical Imaging Resource, Mayo Clinic, MN, USA). V. Statistical Analysis Simulation results are shown as mean  ± STD, and in vivo results as Median [First Quartile Third Quartile]. Minimum sample size was calculated using power analysis for minimum power value of 0.8. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney was used for comparison among groups. For p values

Effect of injection or Suction and Magnetic Field on oscillatory flow i

An oscillatory hydrodynamic flow through porous medium bounded by two horizontal parallel porous plates in the presence of transverse magnetic field is investigated. Both the stationary plates are subjected to the same constant injection / suction velocities ( V ). A closed form analytical solution is obtained and the affects of different parameters (Injection / suction Parameter, Darcy number, Hartmann number, Frequency of oscillations etc.) on velocity field and skin-friction are discussed with the help of graphs in details. Key words: Oscillatory flow, Magnetic field, Injection / suction, Planner channel. 1 Introduction: The flows of fluids through porous media have attracted the attention of a number of scholars because of their possible applications in many branches of science and technology. In fact a porous material containing the fluid is a non-homogeneous medium but it may be possible to treat it as a homogeneous one, for the sake of analysis, by taking its dynamical properties to be equal to the averages of the original non-homogeneous continuum. Thus a complicated problem of the flow through a porous medium gets reduced to the flow problem of a homogeneous fluid with some additional resistance. The hydrodynamic channel flow is a classical problem for which exact solution can be obtained Schillicting [1]. Eckert [2] obtained the exact solution of Navier-Stokes equations for the flow between two parallel porous plates with constant injection/suction. In view of numerous important engineering and geophysical applications of the channel flows through porous medium, for example in the fields of chemical engineering for filtration and purification processes, in the fields of agriculture engineering f... ...Sci. Acad. 75(1) (2009): 41-48. 14 Garg, B.P., Singh, K.D. and Pathak, Reena (2011). An analysis of radiative, free-convective and mass transfer flow past an accelerated vertical plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field, J. Rajasthan Acad. Phy. Sci. 10(1) (in press). 15 Moreau, R. â€Å"MagnetoHydrodynamics†. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1990). 16 Makinde, O.D. and Mhone, P.Y. â€Å"Heat Transfer to MHD Oscillatory Flow in a Channel Filled with Porous Medium†. Rom. Journ. Phys. 50 (2005): 931-938. 17 Mehmood, A. and Ali, A. â€Å"The Effect of Slip Condition on Unsteady MHD Oscillatory Flow of a Viscous Fluid in a Planer Channel†. Rom. Journ. Phys. 52(1-2) (2007): 85-91. 18 Singh, K.D. and Garg, B.P. â€Å"Radiative Heat Transfer in MHD Oscillatory Flow through Porous Medium Bounded by Two Vertical Porous Plates†. Bull. Cal. Math. Soc.102(2) (2010) 129-138.

India Election

The current 1 5th Lok Sabha will complete its constitutional term on May 31 , 2014 By constitutional requirement, elections to the Lok Sabha must be held at most every five years or whenever parliament is dissolved by the president. The previous election, to the 1 5th Lok Sabha, was conducted in April-May 2009 and its term would naturally expire on 31 May 2014. The election will be organised by the Election Commission of India (EC') and are normally held in multiple phases to better handle the large electoral base and security concerns.Congress had a empathic victory in 2009 10k sabha elections . 1JPA- 2 started on a high by wining almost full majority of its own. However ,their second term has been marred with controversies and corruption allegations. starting with common wealth game scam,every few monthes saw a new scam coming out like Adarsh society scam and the biggest of all sharply in the past few years adding to the woes of common men. Cursed against black money and corruption by Ana Hazare and to some extent baba Ramdev has only added to the woes of congress. But congress is srewed and knows politics very well.They know that offence is the best way of defend. For every scam or corruption news come out ,they bounce back equally controversial news against Vival arties. Their projection of Rahul Gandhi,who is known as youth icon of India today after his appointment as vice-president of congress party. Lets see as a prime ministreal candidate may help them in their campaign build upto 2014 elections. Since the last general election, the BJP has made inroads by winning the state assembly elections in Goa and winning despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.However, it lost control of Uttaranchal, Himachel Pradesh and its southern bastion of Karnataka. Use of technology In January 2013, the Election Commission of India announced that it would be using n SMS based alert system called Communication Plan for Election (COMET) during the election. The syst em, aimed at sending messages to the millions of government officials on election duty, was successfully deployed in the assembly polls in Goa, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand andManipur in early 2012 and in Himachal Pradesh and Gujarat in late 2012.The COMET system â€Å"uses coded text messages through mobile phones to collect data about officials, information about scheduled events like staff reaching the polling station, mock polls conducted, start of polling, oting percentages every two hours, number of voters in after voting time was over, and whether the poll party reached safely at the high security Electronic Voting Machine (EVMs) deposit centre. † The system would also send alerts to the local police in case of disturbances at any polling station Main opposition party Bhartiya Janta Party was left down and out after 2009 elections.BJPs arch enemy is not congres but BJP itself. lts leaders have failed to capitalize on core issues of price raise and corruption agai nst the congress. They shoud have learned from congress and other nd some other smaller parties,have been able to successfully use the anti miniorty tag againt the BJPfor ever two decades now. BJP has also lost a lot of mass appeal leaders over the years past popular leadrer in India Atal Behari Vajpayee has now retired from active politic. charsmatics learder and face of modern India ,Parmod MaJhan was killed in a tragic incident.Stalwarts like Govindacharya and Jaswant Singh were thrown out. Prime ministreal candidate Murli Manohar Joshi has been made to sit on the side lines with no influence on national level politics. L. K. Advani is lose to retirement years and fire brand Sushma SwaraJ hasn't proved to be a winner yet. That leaves the party with only one leadear of mass appeal,Narender Modi who may not yet able to handle national politics alone,and behind him a dark shade of communlist tag. Beside every one knows congress will play the anti miniorty tag against him quite well. BJP has also destoried its chance by not farming stretigc alliance with other parties in state. It used to have an alliance with AIADMK in Tamil Nadu and Mamta Banerjee'sTMS , IN West Bengal ,BJD in Orissa and recently JDU OF Bihar . BJPS loss has been congress gain. Third Fornt Parties: Third fornt parties have been redused to play a miniorty role at the center over the past few years. Leaders like Lalu Parsad,Mulayam Singh YadavJaya Lalta,Mayawati are no Govt. ln this case of congress.Left fornt has already become non-existent after the debaile in 2011 assembly elections and it had be highly unlikely that they,had make any come back by 2014. For the past few years, most of third fornt allies have been thob-nobbing with congress ,which raises doubt on their very existence. Third fornt was formed to combat BJP as well as congress ,but if u are going to chossse congress fter polls every time ,then won't it better for peoples to vote for congress dereibly third fornt needs to get its priorities right and decide on their future survavial options ,because as of now their future looks black.The contender's For India Election 2014 Though congress may not admit it yet,but Manmohan Singh be showen door out,and congress may be prefer to field Rahul Gandhi as its Prime Ministreal candidate in 2014. 1t may be too early for Rahul to lead nation as he has not proven his political accumen yet,but after the negative reviews UPA-2 is gathering,congress may want to hange Manmohan Singh. As for BJP the choice is only Narender Modi havng good record at regional level but no influence at national level yet. The Prime Ministreal Candidate: 1 Gandhi or Manmohan Singh. :NDA:- Narender Mod'. 3:Third Fornt:-Depends upon which party gets most seats. Slogans Of Parties: UPA:-Secularism NDA:-Hindu Rashtar OTHERS:-Rural Deviopment MANIFESTO:- UPA:-The congress president Mrs Sonia Gandhi and prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh realeasd the party manifesto,the menifestolists some promises wit h special focus on miniortes,dalits and tribal communities. Reiteraing its national rural employment gaurntee act schamethe congress has promised 100 days work for Rs 100a day,as an entitlement under MNAREGA.The congres has promised to enact a right to food law that gurantee food for all. lt has announced that every family living below poverty line will be entaitled 25 kg of rice or wheat per month at rate of3 3 per kg. The manifesto subsieded community kitchens,which will be set up in all cities for homeless peoples and migrants,with the support of the central govt. In the health sector,congress has declared that every family living below poverty line will be overed by the rashtrya swasthy bima youJna over the next three years. he party has promised social security cover for the disabaled,the elderly,urban home less,released bonded labourers,members of primitive tribalgroups and membersof the most backward dalit communites. S In order to woo the miniorites community,the congress pl ans to implement reservation for miniortes,on the basis of social and economic backwardness govt Jobs and educational institutions. The party has promised to set up an equal opportunity commission to ensure that the sachar commission recommendations are implemented and the miniortes are not deprived in any atter.The party has reterated the contenation promise of implementing33 % reservation for womens in parliament and he state legislature ,which it had to failed promised to reserve one third of all central govtJobs for womens. The congress has promised free education from primary till the university education for students from dali and tribalcommnites. continuing its incentives for the schedule castesand schedule tribe communites. To cheak communal and caste related violence,congress has proposed a law that empower the nationalhuman rights commission to monitor nvestigation and trail in all such cases.Declering a zero tolarence policy towards terrorism. The party has focused on its core areas of farmers ,womens,the socially backword sections. Through its wide range of promises,the congress is trying to projecta govt which will work on inclusive growth,encompassing all sections of society. NDA: 1,To develop a prosperous powerful Nation. 2,for stability and secular india needs a decive leader. 3,National security fear shall no longer stalk this land. 3,Engaging the world India' voice shall be heared.

Supernatural Elements in Jane Eyre - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 796 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Jane Eyre Essay Did you like this example? Throughout the novel Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bront incorporates Gothic elements†¢specifically the supernatural†¢to emphasize the eerie presence that follows, and essentially haunts, Jane through each of her endeavors. Although the reader perceives certain situations as supernatural, they are not truly supernatural in the novel. By creating such an atmosphere, Bront is able to utilize supernatural elements to convey significant revelations within Jane that ultimately change the course of her story. The first of many supernatural occurrences†¢and a very important one at that†¢presents itself at Gateshead Hall, following the cruelty inflicted upon Jane by her aunt, Mrs. Reed. While locked inside of the red-room, Jane views her reflection, which consisted of a white face and arms specking the gloom, and glittering eyes of fear moving where all else was still (Bront 20). Jane describes her reflection as [having] the effect of a real spirit (Bront 20). By depicting her reflection as unearthly, Bront shows the reader a glimpse of Janes inner view of herself. In comparison to those she lives with, Jane knows she is different, that she is merely plain and small. However, the glittering eyes Jane describes also highlights her differences in regard to the Reed family (Bront 20). Janes eyes are a representation of her passion, which begins to surface as a result of the injustices she endures at Gateshead. Although her passion first manifests itself as fear, it is still viewed as uncanny. Ultimately, Bront incorporates this scene into the novel because it not only foreshadows Janes passionate nature, but also the many encounters with others in which Jane is viewed as an odd character as a result of her plain exterior in comparison to her vibrant interior. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Supernatural Elements in Jane Eyre" essay for you Create order Because supernatural elements propel the novel, Janes encounters with the supernatural do not cease when she leaves Gateshead, but continue also into her time at Thornfield. At Thornfield, Jane unexpectedly finds herself a genuine home, one that she never imagined she would have. Gateshead and Lowood restricted Janes independence greatly, yet at Thornfield, she was able to develop into her own person. In the process of becoming herself, she repressed many of her fears, which the reader becomes aware of through the existence of Bertha Mason. On the night prior to the marriage between Jane and Mr. Rochester, Jane is visited by a woman, tall and large, with thick and dark hair hanging long down her back in the middle of the night (Bront 330). Jane describes Bertha as a woman with a savage face and red eyes (Bront 331). Although Bertha is a woman with a mental illness, Bront illustrates her as a supernatural creature because she embodies Janes inner self that is composed of fear and dark ness. Evidently, Berthas existence carries the intention of destroying Janes happiness and home at Thornfield†¢which has been Janes greatest fear since Mr. Rochester proposed to her. After her encounter with Bertha, she confesses her confusion to Rochester, who identifies her visions as mental terrors (Bront 332). However, Jane reveals to the reader that she only conceded to his ideas because she desired to please him†¢once again, suppressing her feelings to please Rochester. Despite Janes initial shock on their wedding day, Berthas existence actually triggers significant growth within Jane, in which she comes to the realization that she can only rely on herself for happiness. At Moor House, Jane unites with the family she did not know she had, which brings her content following Rochesters betrayal. Her journey to Moor House and the union with her family allows Jane to grow immensely within herself. However, Janes newfound strength is tested to its limits when St. John attempts to manipulate Jane into becoming his wife. In their final discussion, she agrees to marry him, only to be interrupted by the voice of Mr. Rochester. Evidently, Jane is perplexed by these sounds, as they were [spoken] in pain and woe†¢wildly, eerily, urgently (Bront 485). Immediately, Jane realizes that she must pursue him or she will live with regret. This instance alone signifies Janes strength because she was able to deny St. John and instead seek what her heart desired. When Jane and Rochester eventually reunite, the reader learns that Rochester did call for Jane on the same night she heard his voice. Bront incorporates this otherworldly connection between them to signify th at they are two souls meant for one another. The decision to leave Moor House to marry Rochester demonstrates the overall growth of Jane throughout the novel, who developed into an individual capable of deciding her own fate. Essentially, Bront incorporates the supernatural to create an atmosphere of suspense, yet also achieves a deeper meaning by doing so. When Jane encountered the supernatural, she often grew from the experience and triggered a change in her demeanor despite her initial fears.